Is Ultra Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy a Safe and Effective Treatment for Invasive Bladder Cancer in the Elderly?

Abstract

Purpose: The aim was to determine the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of weekly ultra hypofractionated radiation therapy for older unfit patients with invasive bladder cancer. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer deemed unfit for chemoradiation therapy and thus treated with 6 weekly doses of 6\u2009Gy using intensity modulated radiotherapy. Charlson comorbidity was calculated retrospectively. Cystoscopy and computed tomography were used to evaluate local control and toxicity using the common terminology criteria. Survival outcomes were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Twenty-two patients with a median age of 84 (range: 70 to 96) years were included. The median comorbidity index was 6±1.5 SD. Nineteen (90%) patients received the full 36\u2009Gy dose. Median follow-up was 10±7 months (range: 6 to 27\u2009mo). Local control in the bladder was achieved in 16 of 19 evaluable patients (84%). One-year overall survival was 62.5%, 1 patient had a retroperitoneal nodal recurrence and 3 patients developed distant metastasis. Grade 3 genitourinary and gastrointestinal toxicity was observed in 4 (18%) and 1 (4.5%) patients, respectively. Conclusion: Weekly ultra hypofractionated intensity modulated radiotherapy with image guidance and bladder training is an effective, safe, and well-tolerated regimen for older patients with invasive bladder cancer unfit for radical treatment.