Frequency of hepatitis B and C in patients attending oral and maxillofacial surgery department for dental extraction at Sandeman Provincial Hospital Quetta

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study is to evaluate the frequency of hepatitis B and C (HBV & HCV) in patients attending oral and maxillofacial surgery unit for dental extraction. These are blood borne viral infections which may transmit due to used dental needles, blood transfusions, used syringes, drug abuse, homosexuality, and prostitution. Dentists are considered as one of the most highly vulnerable professionals at risk. This study also highlights the importance of routine screening for these viral infections before dental surgery. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the frequency of HBV and HCV among patients who visited for dental extraction. Rationale: To highlight the importance of routine screening before any dental procedure, specially before any oral surgical procedure such as tooth extraction. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in exodontia section of oral and maxillofacial surgery unit, Sandeman Provincial Hospital Quetta. The total study period was 1 year, commencing from November, 2018 to November, 2019. A total of 3431 patients were screened before dental extraction. Results: Of 3431 patients, 149 were found to be positive for HBV and HCV collectively. Among them 95 (2.7%) were HBV positive and 54 (1.5%) were diagnosed with HCV. Conclusion: This study clearly emphasizes the importance of preoperative routine screening for HBV and HCV before any dental procedure.