A case report about eosinophilic enteritis presenting as abdominal pain

Abstract

Abstract Rationale: Eosinophilic enteritis (EE) is an immune-mediated antigen-driven disease that may lead to clinical symptoms and organ dysfunction and characterized by the presence of extensive eosinophilic infiltrates on histopathological examination of the intestinal mucosa. Patient concerns: A 29-year-old man presented with a half-month duration of paroxysmal upper abdominal pain that gradually evolved into continuous pain accompanied by the urge to defecate. Diagnoses: Pathological findings of enteroscopy showed acute and chronic inflammation accompanied by eosinophilic infiltration (>20/ high-power field). Interventions: The patient was initially treated with IV infusion of dexamethasone 10\u200amg per day for 3\u200adays, which was reduced to 7.5\u200amg per day for 2\u200adays once pain relief was achieved. Upon discharged from our hospital, the patient was prescribed with oral prednisolone 30\u200amg per day, which was reduced by 5\u200amg per week for 6\u200aweeks until discontinuation. Outcomes: The patient was relieved from the pain after receiving dexamethasone for 5 days, and he was maintained on oral prednisolone 30\u200amg per day upon discharge from the hospital. On the day of discharge, the eosinophil count and derived ratios were normal. Lessons: In patients with EE, the dynamic changes of the eosinophil count should be monitored. Clinicians must be aware that not all patients with EE have a history of allergies. In the management and treatment of the disease, multisite biopsies should be carried out if EE is suspected, and EE is responsive to steroid therapy.