A Swallowing Screening Test Enhances a Better Recognition of Patients with a Hip Fracture at Risk for Oropharyngeal Dysphagia

Abstract

Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is commonly encountered in elderly patients with hip fracture. It is easily overlooked and predisposes patients to life-threatening postoperative pneumonia. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether OD screening by nurses results in a better recognition of patients at risk for OD. After the introduction of the Standardized Swallowing Assessment by nurses, the incidence of increased risk for OD and the prevention of OD complications were monitored (intervention group; N = 92) and compared with a historical control group (N = 81). The risk for OD was diagnosed in 27 patients (29%) in the intervention group in comparison with 12 patients (15%) in the control group (p < .05). The number of diet modifications increased from 12 (15%) in the control group to 25 (27%) in the intervention group (p < .05). A simple screening test results in better recognition of increased OD risk and, in turn, the early initiation of measures to avoid aspiration.