Optimization Framework for Large Space-Based Telescopes

Abstract

The need for telescopes with more light-gathering capability can be seen in both space-based and ground-based missions and mission proposals that trend towards larger primary aperture diameters. Advances in angular resolution and signal-to-noise ratio can allow for direct imaging of exoplanets, and the ability to characterize planetary systems orbiting nearby stars. However, the sizes of space-based telescopes are currently limited by launch vehicle fairing sizes and the state of in-space assembly technology. This work analyzes the trade-space of in-space assembled telescopes to determine optimal architectures which can push current technological limits and maximize utility to science. Relative complexity and science value objectives are used to quantify the benefit of each design, and a Pareto front is generated, which has two distinct areas of optimal designs. The findings suggest the optimal designs with a smaller diameter and wider field of view are indicative of ‘all-sky surveyors’, while the optimal designs with larger diameters and focal ratios may be used for observing smaller areas with higher resolution.