Anti-Dyslipidemia Activity from Lemon Pepper in PTU and High Fat Diet Induced Rats

Abstract

Riskesdas in 2013 showed that 35.9% of the Indonesian population aged higher than 15 years had abnormal cholesterol levels. Lemon pepper has various pharmacological benefits. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of lemon pepper methanol extract as anti-dyslipidemia. This study is an experimental study using 24 rats divided into 6 different groups, including: normal (no intervention), control (Na CMC 0.5%), standard (simvastatin), Lemon Pepper Methanol Extract I (300 mg/kgBW), II (600 mg/kgBW), and III (1200 mg/kgBW). All groups, except the normal group, were given a high-fat diet (15 g/kg animal fat; 10 g/kg poultry egg yolk) and PTU (12.5 mg/day). The results showed that the highest dose of lemon pepper methanol extracts significantly reduced total cholesterol (151.75 ± 0.96 mg/dl), triglycerides (166.50 (162-179) mg/dl), and LDL cholesterol (68.50 ± 1.29 mg/dl) levels and significantly increased HDL levels (61.00 (60-100) mg/dl) compared to the control group. In addition, the lemon pepper methanol extract significantly reduced the levels of SGOT (P value same 0.029) and SGPT (P value smaller than 0.05) compared to the control group. Hence, it can be said that the methanol extract of lemon pepper has an anti-dyslipidemic effect and can prevent NAFLD.