Bolt-Shaped Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Rock-Climbing Training Trajectory Detection

Abstract

Rock-climbing trajectories are fundamental data for coaches in selecting athletes and formulating subsequent training plans. This study proposes a bolt-shaped triboelectric nanogenerator (BS-TENG) that can be used for trajectory detection during rock-climbing training. BS-TENG, which is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, expanded polyethylene, copper, and so on, outputs a voltage pulse as the corresponding signal when it is pressed by the athletes, and the envelope of the area formed by all the touched BS-TENG then creates the athlete trajectory when combined with self-written software. The peak value of the output-voltage pulse is between 4 and 7 V, which shows a strong signal-to-noise ratio and an anti-interference ability. The maximum working frequency is 5 Hz, which indicates that the time interval between two consecutive touches of the same BS-TENG must be more than 0.2 s. In addition, the power-generation parameter test results show that the output current sharply drops from <inline-formula> <tex-math notation= LaTeX >${\\sf 9.27} \\times {\\sf E}^{- {\\sf 7}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> A when the resistance exceeds 47 k <inline-formula> <tex-math notation= LaTeX >$\\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula>, and maximum output power of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation= LaTeX >${\\sf 255} \\times {\\sf E}^{- {\\sf 10}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> W is obtained when a 510-k <inline-formula> <tex-math notation= LaTeX >$\\Omega $ </tex-math></inline-formula> resistance is connected in series. All these results prove that the BS-TENG can be used to determine the rock-climbing trajectory in real time, and the self-powered function offers more advantages in application promotion.