Reliability of Silicon Battery Technology and Power Electronics Based Energy Conversion

Abstract

Continuous improvements in battery technology has paved the way for adoption in growing number of applications. However, the state-of-the-art graphite anodes remain sensitive to heat dissipation during fast charging or short circuits, and possibly causing inflammation of the battery. This is a limitation for safety critical applications and prevents ultra-high charging rates. In addition, power electronics is required for preventing hazardous and inefficient operating conditions, maximizing, for example, the lifetime of the battery system. Batteries with silicon anodes overcome the limitations of today?s battery technology and enable charging rates of multiple Cs, while operating up to 100 °C and being non-flammable. Nevertheless, this does not reduce requirements for the battery management system (BMS) to control the performance of the battery. The BMS needs to maximize the charging rate, limit mechanical stress of the battery electrodes, which is associated to high charging rates. Thus, obtaining high charging efficiency, while equalizing useful remaining lifetime for all battery stacks. This manuscript is a conceptional review of how silicon anodes could be used in future Lithium-ion (Li-ion) or Li sulfur batteries providing high energy densities, offering the possibility to charge batteries with higher current densities and faster charging times. BMS and the required power electronic converters for integrating battery storage are introduced and their application for the next generation of ultra-fast charging battery system is presented.