Feasibility Study of High-Efficiency Cooling of High-Temperature Superconducting Coils by Magnetic Refrigeration

Abstract

As a high-efficiency cooling technology for high-temperature superconducting coils, we have begun research and development to examine the feasibility of a cooling assist technology that maintains a cryogenic state by combining the magnetic force generated by the superconducting coil with magnetic refrigeration technology. Magnetic refrigeration requires the magneto caloric material to change the magnetic field. In many cases, the magnetic field change is obtained by moving the magnetic source, but moving the superconducting coil is not a good idea. Although it is possible to generate a change in the magnetic field by turning on and off the power supply of the high-temperature superconducting coil, it is unlikely to be established as a system that assists cooling of the superconducting coil because the coil generates heat due to AC loss. Therefore, it was considered that the magnetic field change can be obtained if the magnetic force generated from the superconducting coil can be controlled by the magnetic shield. As a verification of the principle, it was clarified experimentally that a magnetic field change can be obtained by repeatedly inserting and removing the magnetic shield into and from the gap between the magnetic field generation source and the magneto caloric material, and the temperature change can be extracted by the magneto caloric effect. In the experiment, the temperature change obtained when a magnetic shield was inserted into the air gap was measured by a simple test device using an iron-based magneto caloric material having high magneto caloric effect performance at room temperature and a permanent magnet. The principle verification confirmation test was performed using several types of magnetic shielding materials such as Permalloy bulks and the electrical steel sheets. In addition, numerical analysis is performed on the magnetic shielding effect, and the shielding effect is improved by increasing the thickness of the shielding material and the possibility of using high temperature superconductors as magnetic shielding materials were also analyzed. In this study, we report the possibility of cooling the high-temperature superconducting coil with high efficiency by combining the magnetic field created by the superconducting coil and magnetic refrigeration.