Incentives for smoking cessation in a rural pharmacy setting: The Tobacco Free Communities program.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE\nInvestigate the smoking-related outcomes and feasibility of a pharmacy-led financial incentive program for smoking cessation.\n\n\nDESIGN\nMulti-site single-arm trial of the Tobacco Free Communities program.\n\n\nSETTING\nCommunity pharmacies within the Glamorgan Spring Bay (Site 1) and George Town (Site 2) municipalities of Tasmania.\n\n\nPARTICIPANTS\nAdult smokers. Based on funding, the recruitment target was 76 smokers.\n\n\nINTERVENTIONS\nPharmacy staff provided quitting advice through 7 sessions over 3\xa0months. At 6 sessions, abstinent participants (no cigarettes in the previous week and expired carbon monoxide ≤4\xa0ppm) were rewarded with AU$50 vouchers.\n\n\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES\nSmoking-related outcomes were decreased smoking (self-reported cigarettes per day and carbon monoxide levels) and abstinence rates. Feasibility outcomes were meeting the recruitment target, participant retention and participants views of the program (measured by interview data from Site 2).\n\n\nRESULTS\nNinety individuals enrolled. Sixty-two participants were included in analyses; remaining participants were excluded from analyses because they did not consent to use of their data within this study or had carbon monoxide ≤4\xa0ppm at enrolment. Smoking (carbon monoxide and cigarettes per day) significantly decreased between enrolment and the first financial incentive session. Twelve participants (19.35%) were abstinent at the end of the program. Yet retention was poor; only 13 participants (20.97%) attended all sessions. Interviews suggested participants found the program beneficial.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nProviding financial incentive within rural community pharmacies could be a viable method of encouraging smoking reductions and quit attempts. Additional work is needed to increase retention and compare effects to usual care pharmacy practices.