Fig (Ficus exasperata and Ficus asperifolia)-Supplemented diet improves sexual function, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and suppresses tumour necrosis factor-alpha genes in hypertensive rats.

Abstract

We measured the effect of varieties of Fig leaves, Ficus exasperata Vahl. (FE) and Ficus asperifolia Miq (FA), commonly found in Sub-sahara Africa for managing hypertension on sexual performance in hypertensive rats, which is unknown. Hypertensive rats experienced erectogenic damage after exposure to 40\xa0mg\xa0kg-1 \xa0bw-1 , N(G)-nitro-l-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME). Experimental rats were grouped into eight groups (n\xa0=\xa06) namely: control rats, hypertensive rats, hypertensive treatment groups with atenolol (10\xa0mg\xa0kg-1 \xa0day-1 ) and sildenafil (5.0\xa0mg/kg), rats treated with FE- and FA-formulated biscuits at proportions of 2.5\xa0g and 5.0\xa0g respectively. Furthermore, we measured the level of sexual performance (Intromission number, latency, Mounting number, and latency), hormonal levels, phosphodiesterase-5 enzyme (PDE-5) activity and genes expressed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in hypertensive rats. The result deduced revealed that treated hypertensive rats showed significantly reduced follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone levels, PDE-5 enzyme activity, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression while having a marked increase in testosterone level, sexual performance and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression. Therefore, this study revealed the comparative dietary enhancing effect of FE- and FA-formulated biscuit on sexual behaviour activity, hormonal levels and the level of eNOS and TNF-α genes expressed in hypertensive rats.