Structural empowerment is a strong predictor of organisational commitment in nurses: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract

AIMS\nThe aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to explore the relationship between structural empowerment and organisational commitment and to examine a theoretical model under which empowerment could potentially affect organisational performance.\n\n\nDESIGN\nPRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses were used and quality assessment of articles was performed.\n\n\nDATA SOURCES\nElectronic database searches were conducted in Google Scholar, PubMed/Medline, CINAHL, Scopus and EMBASE from January 1950 - 1 January 2019, which resulted in 204 retrieved studies, published between 1994 - 2018.\n\n\nREVIEW METHODS\nA random effects model was used to produce a pooled estimate of effect sizes (correlation coefficient, Cronbach s alpha), with analysis of heterogeneity and publication bias. A meta-analytic structural equation model of the constructs analysed was also performed.\n\n\nRESULTS\nThe final review included 22 studies. The meta-analytic means of structural empowerment, organisational commitment, job satisfaction and psychological empowerment alpha reliabilities were 0.87, 0.84, 0.85 and 0.87, respectively. Heterogeneity but no publication bias was present in these outcomes. Structural empowerment was strongly correlated with organisational commitment (r\xa0=\xa00.43). The meta-analytic correlation coefficients of organisational commitment with psychological empowerment and job satisfaction were 0.53 and 0.47, respectively. Structural empowerment was correlated with job satisfaction and psychological empowerment with correlation coefficients of 0.57 and 0.44, respectively. Finally, job satisfaction was correlated with psychological empowerment with a correlation coefficient of 0.53. A meta-analytic structural equation model was tested with good fit which predicted performance (commitment and job satisfaction) from empowerment (structural and psychological).\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nStructural empowerment is strongly correlated to organisational commitment and with psychological empowerment, they increase organisational performance. Organisations should attempt to make structural empowerment as widespread as possible to create an effective workplace culture.