Elevated serum pentosidine is independently associated with the high prevalence of sarcopenia in Chinese middle-aged and elderly men with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

AIMS/INTRODUCTION\nSarcopenia has recently been recognized as another complication associated with diabetes, but its early screening still lacks clinical markers. Here, we aimed to investigate the relationship between serum levels of pentosidine, which is one of advanced glycation end-products, and sarcopenia in Chinese middle-aged and elderly men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and evaluate whether pentosidine could be used as a kind of screening maker.\n\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS\nA total of 182 male T2DM patients aged ≥50 years were selected in the cross-sectional study for whole body dual-energy X-ray measurement and calculating the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI). At the same time, handgrip strength and gait speed were assessed. According to the updated consensus on Asian sarcopenia in 2019, the patients were divided into sarcopenia group (n=83) and non-sarcopenia group (n=99). And serum pentosidine levels in the two groups were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.\n\n\nRESULTS\nSerum pentosidine was significantly higher in sarcopenia group (191.27pmol/mL) than in non-sarcopenia group (34.93pmol/mL). Serum pentosidine was negatively correlated with ASMI and handgrip strength (r=-0.30 and -0.25, respectively; P<0.05), but not gait speed. The prevalence of sarcopenia increased as the quartile of serum pentosidine increased (P<0.05). And the association between pentosidine and the prevalence of sarcopenia was still significant after additional adjustments (OR=1.01, P<0.05).\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nPentosidine is an independent risk factor for sarcopenia in Chinese middle-aged and elderly men with T2DM. The detection of serum pentosidine levels in clinic may be helpful for the monitoring of T2DM complicated with sarcopenia.