Post‐acute care nursing home deaths in the COVID era: Potential for attribution bias

Abstract

risk-adjusted mortality rates. J Hosp Med. 2021;16(2):90-92. https://doi.org/10.12788/jhm.3552. 4. Jones S, Mason N, Palser T, Swift S, Petrilli CM, Horwitz LI. Trends in risk-adjusted 28-day mortality rates for patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in England. J Hosp Med. 2021;16(Issue 2021Feb ONLINE 1st):E1-E4. https://doi.org/10.12788/jhm.3599. 5. Horby P, Lim WS, Emberson J, et al. Effect of dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 – Preliminary report. medRxiv. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.22.20137273. 6. Food and Drug Administration. Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update: FDA issues emergency use authorization for potential COVID-19 treatmentjFDA. 2020; https://www.fda.gov/news-events/pressannouncements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-issues-emergencyuse-authorization-potential-covid-19-treatment. Accessed January 14, 2021. 7. The RECOVERY Collaborative Group. Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(8):693704. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2021436. 8. Zhou F, Yu T, Du R, et al. Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study. Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1054-1062. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30566-3. SUPPORTING INFORMATION Additional supporting information may be found online in the Supporting Information section at the end of this article. Data S1 Cohort characteristics and details from results: contains information on cohort construction and characteristics as well as detailed results from statistical test for trend. Figure S1 Diagram outlining creation of analytic cohort of older adults admitted for COVID-19 in the Veterans Affairs Health Care System. Table S1. Baseline characteristics of 11,162 veterans aged ≥65 years admitted with COVID-19 to the Veterans Affairs Health Care System, March 1–November 30, 2020. Table S2. Cochran–Armitage test of trend results for change in 30-day mortality among veterans admitted to the VAHCS with COVID-19, March 1–November 30, 2020, by age category.