Integrated 3D intracardiac ultrasound imaging with detailed pulmonary vein delineation guided fluoroless ablation of atrial fibrillation

Abstract

Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) has become an all‐round tool for ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF) since it plays an important role in all procedural steps. The key upgrade to the usefulness of ICE is its integration into three‐dimensional (3D) electroanatomic mapping (EAM) system (ICE/EAM automatic integration system). The aim of this single‐center retrospective study was to evaluate feasibility, safety and acute efficacy of ICE/EAM automatic integration system guided fluoroless ablation of AF.