Evaluation of temperature changes in waste disposal sites according to satellite data

Abstract

The temperature of Earth s surface is one of the most frequently used parameters when researching chemical and physical processes and phenomena. This paper analyses temperature changes in some waste disposal sites (WDS) on the territory of Bulgaria and they are different according to their spatial distribution. The results for different points in time are obtained using remote sensing methods and GIS. Spectral reflectance characteristics of the WDS are used for the evaluation of these changes (collected through the satellite data by multispectral instrument (MSI) of the platform Sentinel 2 of the Copernicus program). The data evaluated is for average air temperature, evapotranspiration, radiation and rainfall. The heat thermal band of the sensors Landsat 5 – 7 (ЕТМ) and Landsat 8 (OLI/TIRS) is used for the measurement of land surface temperature, especially the heat transfer from the WDS, as this band has a high spatial resolution and is suitable for the observation of the dynamics in the processes on surface of the Earth. The satellite images selected for this purpose are from different seasons in different years. A comparative analysis between the surface temperature of the WDS and the climate data used has been carried out. In order to trace the dynamics of the main components of the surface (vegetation, soil, moisture) the satellite images have been orthogonalised.