The Effect of Active Physical Training Interventions on Reactive Postural Responses in Older Adults: A Systematic Review.

Abstract

BACKGROUND\nA variety of physical interventions have been used to improve reactive balance in older adults.\n\n\nPURPOSE\nTo summarize the effectiveness of active treatment approaches to improve reactive postural responses in community-dwelling older adults.\n\n\nDESIGN\nSystematic review guided by PRISMA guidelines.\n\n\nSTUDY SELECTION\nA literature search included the databases PubMed, OVID, CINAHL, ClinicalTrials.gov, OTseeker, and PEDro up to December 2017. Randomized controlled trials that evaluated quantitative measures of reactive postural responses in healthy adults following participation in an active physical training program were included.\n\n\nDATA SYNTHESIS\nOf 4,481 studies initially identified, 11 randomized controlled trials covering 313 participants were selected for analysis. Study designs were heterogeneous, preventing a quantitative analysis. Nine of the 11 studies reported improvements in reactive postural responses.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nSeveral clinically feasible training methods have the potential to improve reactive postural responses in older adults; however, conclusions on the efficacy of treatment methods are limited because of numerous methodological issues and heterogeneity in outcomes and intervention procedures.