Microcomputed Tomography and Histological Study of Bone Regeneration Using Tooth Biomaterial with BMP-2 in Rabbit Calvarial Defects

Abstract

Our study was aimed to analyze the osteoinductive effect of powdered and block type autogenous bone graft along with bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2) as compared to synthetic bone graft. Three circular bicortical defects were made in the calvaria of each rabbit and randomly divided into three groups as follows: powdered tooth biomaterial+BMP-2, block tooth biomaterial+BMP-2, and control group: synthetic bone+BMP-2. The samples taken from these defects after 4 and 8 weeks were analyzed histologically along with micro CT analysis. In our study, both powered and block type tooth autogenous bone graft successfully stimulated mesenchymal cells leading to endochondral ossification and bone regeneration. We observed that the powered bone graft material which is acid insoluble especially is preferable as a carrier for BMP-2.