Levelling Up: A Progress Report

Abstract

Boris Johnson has promised to ‘level up’ England. But what does this mean in practice? John Tomaney and Andy Pike look behind the headlines and find a fragmented, disjointed strategy. electoral outcome reflected the political realignment arising from the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis and Brexit, as the Conservatives capitalised on the sense that some places had of being ‘left behind’ by social, economic and cultural change. Regional inequalities in the UK are longstanding, deep and worsening by international standards, and for decades