From Promoting Healthy Sexual Functioning to Managing Biomedical Sexual Dysfunction: Health Professional Views of Youth Sexual Health

Abstract

A body of work emerging in the last few years has expanded the focus of youth sexual health to include problems in sexual functioning. Recent surveys show that rates of youth sexual functioning problems are similar to those of adults. Physicians lack of awareness about problems of sexual functioning has been identified as a major obstacle in treatment. Yet little is known about health-care provider (HCP) perspectives on youth sexual functioning. We conducted a descriptive qualitative study with HCPs to learn about their perceptions of adolescent sexual problems and HCP roles in managing these issues including sexual functioning. Nineteen HCPs: Family physicians, nurse practitioners, and public health nurses working primarily with youth in universities, schools, or sexual health clinics were recruited to draw on their expert knowledge and experience. All completed in-depth individual interviews. Data were analyzed using directed qualitative content analysis. Our findings illuminate inconsistent views. Some HCPs, particularly those in youth-focused services, adopt a holistic role in promoting healthy sexual functioning, and others, commonly those in general practice, attend only to biomedical issues related to sexual dysfunction. All HCPs in our study were challenged by a paucity of sexual health preparation in their formal education. HCP interest in youth sexual health affected their efforts to acquire new information and training and, along with the structure of their practice setting, influenced whether they framed their role in youth sexual health holistically within a context of social determination or constrained their role to a medical model. These findings draw attention to the need for new approaches for strengthening knowledge, training, and resources to foster HCP promotion of healthy sexual functioning and prevention of lifelong sexual health problems.