Redox and autonomic responses to acute exercise-post recovery following Opuntia ficus-indica juice intake in physically active women

Abstract

Background The aim of this study was to investigate if the supplementation with Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) juice may affect plasma redox balance and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters following a maximal effort test, in young physically active women. Methods A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled and crossover study comprising eight women (23.25\u2009±\u20092.95\u2009years, 54.13\u2009±\u20099.05\u2009kg, 157.75\u2009±\u20090.66\u2009cm and BMI of 21.69\u2009±\u20090.66\u2009kg/m2) was carried out. A juice containing OFI diluted in water and a Placebo solution were supplied (170\u2009ml; OFI\u2009=\u200950\u2009ml of OFI juice +\u2009120\u2009ml of water; Placebo\u2009=\u2009170\u2009ml beverage without Vitamin C and indicaxanthin). Participants consumed the OFI juice or Placebo beverage every day for 3\u2009days, before performing a maximal cycle ergometer test, and for 2 consecutive days after the test. Plasma hydroperoxides and total antioxidant capacity (PAT), Skin Carotenoid Score (SCS) and HRV variables (LF, HF, LF/HF and rMSSD) were recorded at different time points. Results The OFI group showed significantly lower levels of hydroperoxides compared to the Placebo group in pre-test, post-test and 48-h post-test. PAT values of the OFI group significantly increased compared to those of the Placebo group in pre-test and 48-h post-test. SCS did not differ between groups. LF was significantly lower in the OFI group 24-h after the end of the test, whereas rMSSD was significantly higher in the OFI group 48-h post-test. Conclusion OFI supplementation decreased the oxidative stress induced by intense exercise and improved autonomic balance in physically active women.