Clinical-Radiomics nomograms for preoperative differentiation of sacral chordoma and sacral giant cell tumor based on 3d computed tomography and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE\nTo develop and validate clinical-radiomics nomograms based on 3D computed tomography (CT) and multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) for preoperative differentiation of sacral chordoma (SC) and sacral giant cell tumor (SGCT).\n\n\nMETHODS\nA total of 83 SC and 54 SGCT patients diagnosed through surgical pathology were retrospectively analyzed. We built six models based on CT, CT enhancement (CTE), T 1-weighted, T 2-weighted, diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), and contrast-enhanced T 1-weighted features, two radiomics nomograms and two clinical-radiomics nomograms combined radiomics mixed features with clinical data. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and accuracy (ACC) analysis were used to assess the performance of the models.\n\n\nRESULTS\nSC and SGCT presented significant differences in terms of age, sex, and tumor location (tage = 9.00, χ2 sex = 10.86, χ2 location = 26.20; p < 0.01). For individual scan, the radiomics model based on DWI features yielded the highest AUC of 0.889 and ACC of 0.885, followed by CT (AUC = 0.857; ACC = 0.846) and CTE (AUC = 0.833; ACC = 0.769). For the combined features, the radiomics model based on mixed CT features exhibited a better AUC of 0.942 and ACC of 0.880, whereas mixed MRI features achieved a lower performance than the individual scan. The clinical-radiomics nomogram based on combined CT features achieved the highest AUC of 0.948 and ACC of 0.920.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nThe radiomics model based on CT and mpMRI present a certain predictive value in distinguishing SC and SGCT, which can be used for auxiliary diagnosis before operation. The clinical-radiomics nomograms performed better than radiomics nomograms.