Bioelectric Activity of the Brain in the Operational Personnel of the Russian Nuclear Power Plant with a Low Level of Psychophysiological Adaptation

Abstract

Purpose: The aim is to study the bioelectric activity of the brain in the operational workers of the Novovoronezh and Beloyarsk nuclear power plants with a low level of psychophysiological adaptation. \nMaterial and methods: An EEG study of 101 operational employees of the NPP was conducted, visual and spectral analyses were used. EEG indicators of individuals with a low level of psychophysiological adaptation and low functional activity of structural and functional formations of the central nervous system were compared with those of individuals with a high level of adaptation, high functional activity of structural and functional formations of the central nervous system. \nResults: Visual analysis of individuals with a low level of psychophysiological adaptation revealed abnormal EEG indicators, indicating functional disorders of the central nervous system. The greatest violations were revealed in the structural and functional formation responsible for the central regulation of the cardiovascular system. A comparative assessment of the spectral power of the EEG at different levels of psychophysiological adaptation revealed a state of tension (tense adaptation) observed in individuals with both low and high levels of adaptation. The similarity between the structural and functional formation central regulation of the cardiovascular system with low functional activity and a low level of psychophysiological adaptation in terms of the number of abnormal EEG indicators can be considered as evidence of its greatest contribution to the formation of a low level of adaptation.The evaluation of interhemispheric interactions in structural and functional formations at their low and high activity, as well as at low and high levels of adaptation, suggested that the formation of a high level of psychophysiological adaptation as an integral characteristic of the main role played by the formation of the Cortex and central regulation of the cardiovascular system . \nIn the formation of a low level of psychophysiological adaptation as an integral characteristic, the main role is played by the formations cortex and cortical-subcortical interaction . \nConclusion: A violation of the bioelectric activity of the brain may be one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of reduced adaptation. The presence of statistically significant differences in EEG indicators in individuals with low and high levels of adaptation, revealed by visual and spectral analysis, allows us to consider these indicators as informative not only in terms of identifying deviations in the diagnosis of functional disorders, but also in assessing the effectiveness of rehabilitation and health measures.