Archive | 2019
Európa és az iszlám: a migrációs válság kihívásai
Abstract
During the 2015–16 migratory wave hundreds of thousands of Muslims arrived to Europe drawing attention again to Islam and the relation between Islam and Europe. Politicians, experts and church officials often convey generalizing, simplifying statements that frequently ignore the facts. One of the defining aspects of Islam contrary to the monolithic, essentialist view of it is the diversity and pluralism of its interpretations and expressions. Instead of Islam, we can talk about many Islams. Neither the ‘Muslims’, nor the ‘migrants’ consist a homogenous, undifferentiated group. Islam has been present in Europe for centuries, and it had a major impact on European civilization. Today around 25 to 30 million of Muslims live in the European Union. Although in most cases the extent of their integration is inadequate, the reasons behind this include religious-cultural, social, economic and political factors, and at the same time there are many examples of successful integration as well. Definite distinctions must be made between Islam, Islamism and Jihadism. The radicalization of the perpetrators of Jihadist attacks in Europe during the recent years took place outside of the Islamic community structures, Jihadist terrorism is not primarily a religious problem, it is a social problem. 38 TEMATIKUS ÖSSZEÁLLíTÁS • GLOBALIZÁCIÓ, MIGRÁCIÓ, EURÓpAI UNIÓ Magyar Tudomány 180(2019)1 Kulcsszavak: iszlám(ok), iszlamizmus, dzsihádizmus, terrorfenyegetettség, migráció, biztonságiasítás, a radikalizmus iszlamizálódása