Analisis Margin Pemasaran Komoditas Tambak Air Payau Skala Tradisional Plus di Pasuruan, Jawa Timur

Abstract

Kabupaten Pasuruan merupakan salah satu produsen ikan budi daya tambak air payau skala tradisional plus terbesar di Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Sistem distribusi komoditas tambak tradisional plus yang menguntungkan sangat menentukan keberhasilan petambak dalam meningkatkan pendapatannya. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pola pemasaran komoditas tambak tradisional plus dan mengetahui margin pemasaran komoditas tambak tradisional plus di Kecamatan Bangil, Kabupaten Pasuruan. Penelitian ini dilakukan kurang lebih selama tiga tahun, antara bulan Mei 2017 sampai dengan Agustus 2020. Pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini melalui teknik snowball sampling, yaitu sebanyak 35 petambak, 8 pedagang pengumpul, 7 pedagang besar, dan 5 pedagang pengecer. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif terhadap pola margin pemasaran dan kinerja pasar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada lima pola margin pemasaran komoditas tambak tradisional plus, dan pola margin pemasaran yang ketiga dinilai efisien, karena jalur pemasarannya cukup pendek dan tidak mengurangi pendapatan petambak sehingga penerimaan pendapatan petambak lebih menguntungkan dibanding dengan pola margin pemasaran lainnya. Untuk itu, diperlukan kerja sama antara pemerintah daerah Kabupaten Pasuruan, petambak, dan pedagang agar sistem pemasaran ini lebih efisien sehingga pendapatan petambak tidak menurun. Title:\xa0Marketing Margin Analysis of Traditional Plus Scale Brackish-Water Commodities in Pasuruan, East Java Pasuruan Regency is a lowland fish farming area and one of the greatest traditional plus fish farming in East Java, Indonesia. The profitable distribution system of traditional plus pond affect the successful of farmers to improve their income. This research aimed to formulate the marketing model and margin of traditional plus pond commodity in order to improve the welfare of fish farmers in Bangil Sub-District, Pasuruan Regency. This research was conducted for three years, from May 2017 until August 2020. Snowball sampling is selected to choose participants, they consisted of 35 fish farmers, 8 collector traders, 7 large traders, and 5 retailers. Data were analyzed descriptively to describe the marketing margin model and market performance. The results showed that there were five models of marketing margin of traditional plus ponds, and the third model would be the most efficient model because of its relatively short marketing path and no farmers’ income were reduced. Therefore, the model offered more profitable income for the fish farmers than the other model. In addition, it is necessary to corporate among regional government, fish farmers, and traders for more efficient marketing system, and to avoid the decrease of fish farmers’ income.