Purification and bioactivity of fucoidan from kappaphycus alvarezii alga

Abstract

Kappaphycus alvarezii is a type of seaweed containing numerous carbohydrates with biological activities, especially fucoidans. In terms of chemical aspect, fucoidansare fucose polysaccharides (FCSPs) with diverse biological activities including antioxidant, anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antitumor. Fucoidan is found not only in brown algae, but also in K. alvarezii alga from the central coast of Viet Nam. In this study, fucoidan from K. alvarezii alga (collected at Dam Mon area, Khanh Hoa province) was purified, its structure was characterized, and its biological activities were investigated. The recovery yield of two-stage precipitation by 99 % ethanol was 84.4 %. The protocol of fucoidan purification by ion-exchange chromatography was applied with tris-HCl buffer, elution solvent was NaCl 1M; The yield was 60.99 %. The structure of fucoidan from K. alvarezii from the second fraction was determined by 1 H-NMR spectrum with the specific characteristic properties of fucoidan. The antioxidant activity of the purified fucoidan via IC50 was 303.51 ± 0.12 μg/mL (DPPH assay), and 299.97 ± 3.12 μg/mL (ABTS essay). The purified fucoidan exhibited better ability in cases of anticoagulant, antibacterial activities than that of the crude extract. The anti-coagulation time of the purified fucoidan was 22.52 minutes. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the antibacterial activity were 400 μg/mL (Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli), 500 μg/mL (Aspergillus flavus), and 600 μg/mL (Aspergillus niger).