Mineral composition, histomorphometry, and bone biomechanical properties are improved with probiotic, prebiotic, and symbiotic supplementation in rats chronically exposed to passive smoking: a randomized pre-clinical study

Abstract

EnglishCigarette smoke in large centers is one of the most important causes of chronic inflammatory diseases in public health and is associated with a decrease in bone mass, consolidation process, and bone remodeling. Due to their ability to improve intestinal absorption and compete with pathogenic microorganisms, dietary supplementation with functional foods may contribute to improvement in bone quality. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of functional, probiotic, prebiotic, or symbiotic food supplementation on mineral composition, histomorphometry, and bone biomechanical properties of rats in the growth phase, chronically exposed to cigarette smoke (T).Sixty-four young male rats were randomly assigned to eight groups (n=8): control (C) [standard diet (SD)]; probiotic (Pro) [SD + probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium thermophilum and Bifidobacterium longum) (2-5 109 UFC each)]; prebiotic (Pre) [SD+ prebiotic (mannan oligosaccharide)]; symbiotic (Sym) (SD + probiotic + prebiotic); control smoking (SC) [(SD + exposure protocol to passive smoking (PS)]; probiotic smoking (ProS) (SD + probiotic + PS); prebiotic smoking (PreS) (SD + prebiotic + PS), and symbiotic smoking (SymS)(SD + prebiotic + probiotic + PS). The animals were euthanized after 189 days of the experimental protocol. Results showed that supplementation with probiotics, prebiotics, and symbiotics significantly improved (P Key words: functional foods; femur; bone mass; nutrition; cigarette smoke portuguesA fumaca de cigarro em grandes centros e uma das causas mais importantes de doencas inflamatorias cronicas em saude publica e esta associada a diminuicao de massa ossea, processo de consolidacao e remodelacao ossea. Os alimentos funcionais suplementados na dieta, devido sua capacidade de melhorar a absorcao intestinal e competir com microrganismos patogenos, podem contribuir para a melhora da qualidade ossea. Portanto, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementacao de alimentos funcionais, probiotico, prebiotico ou simbiotico, na composicao mineral, histomorfometria e nas propriedades biomecânicas osseas de ratos em fase de crescimento expostos cronicamente a fumaca do cigarro (T). Sessenta e quatro ratos machos jovens foram randomicamente distribuidos em oito grupos (n=8): controle (C) [dieta basal (DB)]; probiotico (Pro) [DB + probiotico (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Enterecoccusfaecium, Bifidobacterium thermophilumandBifidobacterium longum (2-5 109 UFC cada)]; prebiotico (Pre) [DB + prebiotico (mananoligossacarideo)]; simbiotico (Sym) (DB + probiotico + prebiotico); controle fumante (CS) [(DB + protocolo de exposicao ao tabagismo passivo(PT)]; probiotico fumante (ProS) (DB + probiotico + PT); prebiotico fumante (PreS) (DB + prebiotico + PT); e simbiotico fumante (SymS) (DB + prebiotico + probiotico + PT). Os animais foram mortos apos 189 dias de periodo experimental.Os resultados revelaram que a suplementacao com probioticos, prebioticos e simbioticos melhoraram significativamente (P Palavras-chaves: alimentos funcionais; femur; massa ossea; nutricao; fumaca do cigarro