Archive | 2019
Extracts of Potential Plants in the Control of the Aedes aegypti Population
Abstract
Abstract The dengue fever is a febrile illness transmitted by mosquitoes Aedes aegypti to humans. The control of dengue dissemination is a hard challenge since the human population is presenting a considerably increase. Brazilian plants are known to control mosquitoes larvae due to their insecticides properties. This work had the objective to evaluate the success of plants extracts on the Aedes aegypti population. It was hypothesized that the studied plant extracts influence the population size of Aedes aegypti. It was hoped that at least one of these extracts is 100% efficient on the \xa0mosquito larvae combat, thus contributing to Brazilian Health Programs for the local Dengue eradication. Five plants extracts were studied against Aedes aegypti larvae populations under laboratory conditions. The plants were macerated and 4 concentrations for each plant were obtained using distillate water. \xa0Each concentration of each extract was tested on 10 Aedes larvae with 3 repetitions, for the experiment and positive and negative control on larvae were tested, using alcohol and mineral water, respectively. The count of dead larvae was daily done. The Ricinus communis L. extract was the best extract against Aedes aegypti, killing 100% of their larvae, followed by Mimosa Tenuiflora and Ipoema eriocalyx that achieved DL50 at a concentration of 20%. These results suggest the use of the Ricinus communis L. extract on the control of A. aegypti population in order to extinct the Dengue fever and to help the government healthy programs with this disease.\xa0Keywords: \xa0Mosquitoes larvae. Dengue Fever. Medicinal Plants.\xa0ResumoA Dengue e uma doenca transmitida por mosquitos Aedes aegypti para humanos. Seu controle e uma tarefa ardua, uma vez que a populacao humana tem apresentado crescimento consideravel. Entretanto, plantas brasileiras sao indicadas para controle de larvas deste mosquito em funcao de suas propriedades inseticidas. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o sucesso de extratos de plantas no controle da populacao de Aedes aegypti. Foi proposta a hipotese de \xa0que os extratos das plantas estudados influenciam no tamanho da populacao de Aedes aegypti. Esperou-se \xa0que pelo menos um destes extratos fosse 100% eficiente no combate as \xa0larvas de mosquito, de forma a contribuir para Programas de saude que visam \xa0erradicacao da Dengue.\xa0 Cinco extratos de plantas foram estudados no controle do Aedes aegypti sob condicoes laboratoriais. As plantas foram maceradas e quatro concentracoes foram obtidas de cada uma, utilizando agua destilada. \xa0Cada concentracao foi testada em dez larvas de Aedes com tres repeticoes no experimento e se testou \xa0um controle positivo e negativo nas larvas, usando alcool e agua destilada, respectivamente. A contagem de larvas mortas foi feita diariamente. O extrato da Ricinus communis L. foi o de maior sucesso no controle de Aedes aegypti, matando 100% das larvas, seguido da Mimosa Tenuiflora e Ipoema eriocalyx, que atingiram DL50 em uma concentracao de 20%. O uso de extrato de Ricinus communis L e, portanto, a ferramenta mais indicada para o controle de A. aegypti, auxiliando potencialmente na erradicacao da Dengue, e dando diretrizes para programas governamentais de saude dos paises com esta doenca.\xa0Palavras-chave: Larvas de Mosquitos. Dengue. Plantas Medicinais.