Факторы катарактогенеза в лазерной рефракционной хирургии роговицы

Abstract

Purpose : to consider the main factors that stimulate cataractogenesis and the earlier development of cataracts after laser refractive\xa0surgery of the cornea. Patients and methods. The clinical material covers observations of the condition in more than 10 thousand\xa0eyes from 1 year to 20 years, after various laser refractive corneal operations (PRK, TransPRK, LASIK, FemtoLASIK). Results . Risk\xa0factors for cataractogenesis included high initial ametropia, accommodation disturbance, age, and increased external UV exposure.\xa0Clinical observations have shown that with laser correction of high degrees of ametropia, the number of cataractogenesis risk factors\xa0and their total value increased. Any laser refractive corneal surgery was accompanied by oxidative stress in all structures of the\xa0anterior eye and aseptic inflammatory response. The cornea thinning after refractive surgery increased the external UV load on the\xa0lens and created the conditions for the accumulation in it of an excessive amount of peroxide radicals. This was one of the important\xa0factors predisposing to the earlier development of cataracts. Conclusion . For clinically significant early cataract development after\xa0laser refractive corneal surgery, a combination of several cataractogenic factors is needed, such as the degree of severity of oxidative\xa0stress in the anterior eye tissue in the early postoperative period, cornea thinning, high corrective ametropia, lack of accommodation,\xa0and the patient age over 40 years old.