Effect of sitagliptine and vildagliptine on carotid intima/media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Background: Atherosclerosis is a known macro-vascular complication of diabetes mellitus. Gliptins, as a drug class have non-glycemic beneficial action on blood vessels and in addition to their anti-diabetic effects. This study was carried out to find out the effects of sitagliptin and vildagliptin on common carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: The observational longitudinal study was carried out on 100 patients with 80 patients with confirmed clinical diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. They were divided in 3 groups. Group A and Group B received drugs, either sitagliptine or vildagliptin and Group C control group did not receive any drug. High resolution B-mode ultrasonography was carried out for the measurement of intima-media thickness (IMT) of both the common carotid arteries (CCA). Data analysis was done using Microsoft excel spreadsheet and GraphPad Prism version 7.0 (free trial version) software package. A p value of ≤ 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The baseline value for the control group was 0.812±0.0748 mm for both the right and left CCA. At 52 weeks the CCA IMT for the right and left CCA were 1.0185± 0.272 mm and 0.936±0.149 mm respectively. At 104 weeks the CCA IMT for the right and left CCA were 0.923±0.243 mm and 0.859±0.123 mm respectively. Conclusions: There was a significant decrease in carotid intima-media thickness in patients of type-2 diabetes mellitus treated with sitagliptin and vildagliptin.