Trends in symptomatology of thyroid malignancy in southern India and the efficacy of targeted fine needle aspiration cytology with ultrasonography guidance in diagnosis

Abstract

The incidence of thyroid cancers has increased all over the world. Due to the advances in diagnostic technology and improved access to health care facilities, more subclinical cases are also diagnosed. Thyroid diseases including thyroid cancers are common all over the world. They constitute some of the most common endocrine malignancies. India too, is burdened with thyroid diseases and thyroid malignancies. Thyroid malignancies are classified as primary epithelial tumours are tumours of follicular cells which are well differentiated known as papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma and poorly differentiated are insular carcinoma; undifferentiated are anaplastic carcinoma. Tumours of c cells are medullary carcinoma. Tumours of follicular and c cells are mixed medullary follicular carcinoma. Primary non-epithelial tumours are lymphoma, sarcoma, secondary tumours and metastatic. Ultrasound and fine needle aspiration cytology are two easy investigations for the evaluation of any thyroid enlargement. Thyroid imaging reporting and data system ABSTRACT