International Surgery Journal | 2019
Factors influencing conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy into open cholecystectomy
Abstract
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, whose development has been so impressive in the last decade, has now become the gold standard for the treatment of gall bladder disease. gall bladder, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, open cholecystectomy, gall bladder stone. Although cholecystectomy was first introduced in 1882 by Carl Johann August Langenbuch, Phillip Mouret, of Lyon from France performed the first human laparoscopic cholecystectomy in March 1987. 1,2 The first laparoscopic cholecystectomy was done in India by Prof. T. E. Udwadia in 1989 and he presented his work during 10th world conference of G.I. surgery at New Delhi in 1990. 3 Laparoscopic cholecystectomy may be rendered difficult by various problems encountered during surgery, such as difficulty in accessing the peritoneal cavity, creating a pneumoperitonium, dissecting the gall bladder, pericholecystic adhesions and adhesions between the common bile duct the cystic duct and the cystic artery (calot s triangle) or extracting the excised gall bladder, injury to common bile duct, bowel and iliac vessels. These conditions may significantly ABSTRACT