International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health | 2021
Esophageal carcinoma with acro-metastasis: a rare case report
Abstract
Esophageal cancer is one of the deadliest cancers with a lifetime risk of about 0.8% for men and 0.3% for women. Incidence of esophageal cancer is 13 cases per 1,00,000 population for black American men. On the whole it is the sixth commonest cause of cancer related deaths in the world. Two major risk factors for esophageal adenocarcinoma are gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Barrett s esophagus (BE). Cancer of the esophagus typically occurs in one of two forms, SCCs arising from the stratified squamous epithelial lining of the organ, and adenocarcinomas affecting columnar glandular cells that replace the squamous epithelium. SCC is the predominant histologic type of esophageal cancer worldwide. The incidence of squamous cell cancer of the esophagus increases with age as well and peaks in the seventh decade of life. The incidence of SCC of the esophagus has been found to dramatically increase in the presence of any factor that causes chronic irritation and inflammation, such as excessive alcohol intake, especially in combination with smoking.