Amores imposibles: la brecha entre universitarios y el resto de grupos educativos en los mercados matrimoniales de América Latina, 1970-2010

Abstract

espanolEste estudio analiza el mercado matrimonial y la homogamia educativa en parejas jovenes procedentes de 12 paises de America Latina, a fin de proporcionar informacion sobre sus niveles de estratificacion educativa. En concreto, se investiga la brecha que separa a la poblacion universitaria del resto de categorias educativas en el mercado matrimonial, a partir de las caracteristicas de las parejas que se han formado en esos mercados. Para ello, utilizamos datos de los censos de poblacion de las rondas de 1970 a 2010, ademas de modelos loglineales para estimar la distancia entre grupos educativos, controlando por tamano y tipo de union. En un contexto de marcada expansion educativa, los resultados muestran un grado elevado de estratificacion educativa en las parejas de America Latina, ligeramente superior entre parejas casadas que entre cohabitantes. La brecha entre la poblacion universitaria y el resto de grupos ha aumentado en las ultimas cuatro decadas. EnglishThis study analyses the marriage market and educational homogamy in young couples from 12 Latin American countries, in order to provide information on their levels of educational stratification. Specifically, it investigates the gap that separates the university population from the rest of the educational categories in the marriage market, based on the characteristics of the couples that have formed in said markets. To do this, the study uses data from the censuses from the 1970–2010 period, as well as log-linear models to estimate the distance between educational groups, controlling by their size and by type of union. In a context of marked educational expansion, the results show a high degree of educational stratification among Latin American couples, slightly higher among married couples than among cohabiting partners. The gap between the university population and other groups has increased in the last four decades.