Impact of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea on Blood Glucose Control and Pulmonary Functions in Type 2 Diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has an increased prevalence in type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) .OSA as a co morbid condition in T2DM is associated with insulin resistance. Type 2 Diabetes mellitus is associated with many systemic complications and it includes involvement of lungs also .OSA is asymptomatic disorder which is not routinely screened in T2DM.OSA and lung involvement in diabetes are associated with poor oxygen saturation of blood. The impact of OSA in blood glucose control and pulmonary functions are poorly studied Methods: This prospective cross sectional study was conducted on T2DM patients in a tertiary care hospital. About 104 T2DM patients recruited from department of general medicine. Stop Bang questionnaire was used evaluate the presence of OSA. Pulmonary function test assessed with computerized spirometer. The Patient’s FBS, PPBS HbA1c and anthropometry were measured. Based on the presences of OSA, T2D Patients grouped in to two categories. Group 1 -T2 DM with OSA and group 2 T2DM without OSA. Influence of OSA on blood glucose studied by comparing the variables between two groups Results: A total of 104 T2DM studied .A total of 52 patients in the OSA group and 52 in Non-OSA group were encountered.OSA scores showed a positive correlation with weight and duration of diabetes and a negative correlation with FEV1 and PEFR Conclusions: Obstructive sleep apnoea thus causes an impairment in the blood glucose control. OSA may cause a decreases in the pulmonary functions