Bioenergy Production from Wastes by Microalgae as Sustainable Approach for Waste Management and to Reduce Resources Depletion

Abstract

Immense increase in world population leads to endeavour the alternate energy sources and renewable sources have shown high potential in the production of biofuels. Bioenergy is a promising, sustainable source to combat the rising environmental, economic, and technological issues related to depleting fossil fuels. Algae are the most attractive feedstock for bioenergy than terrestrial crops and are well adapted to all ecosystems. Conversion of wastes to energy helps in resource conservation and environmental safety. Bioenergy production using wastewater, effluents, food and agricultural wastes as growth substrates for microalgal cultivation for both biomass and lipid production is one of the sustainable approach. This review presents the biomass and lipid production by microalgae cultivated in various wastes for effective waste management and to reduce the depletion of fossil fuel resources.