Impact of continuous glucose monitoring on improving emotional well-being among adult people with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION\nReal-time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has changed the way people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and health care providers perceived diabetes management and glucose control.\n\n\nOBJECTIVES\nThe purpose was to compare emotional well-being between adult people with type 1 diabetes who used CGM or conventional self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG).\n\n\nPATIENTS AND METHODS\nThe MEDLINE/PubMed, the Cochrane Library/Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest databases were searched. Primary outcomes were health-related quality of life, glycemic control and fear of hypoglycemia. The inclusion criteria were: adults, RCTs, CGM, SMBG, survey studies on quality of life, fear of hypoglycemia.\n\n\nRESULTS\nThe meta-analysis was based on 11 studies with a total of 1228 T1DM. HFS worry domain analysis indicated reduction of hypoglycemia fear in CGM user compared with SMBG users: Cohen s d equaled -0.24 (95% CI: -0.41 to -0.07), mean difference: -3.15 (95% Cl: -5.48 to - 0.82). The outcome analysis for the DTSQ brought about Cohen s d at 0.23 (95% CI: -0.18; 0.63). The overall Cohen s d value equaled -0.24 (95% CI: -0.57; 0.09) indicating a lack CGM effect on improving HbA1c, however \xa0excluding one study from the calculations made HbA1c reduction significantly higher in CGM users (Cohen s d = -0.33; 95% CI: -0.66 to -0.00; P=0.047).\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\nThe first quantitative meta-analysis of adults T1DM exclusively that provides further evidence for CGM systems ability to reduce fear of hypoglycemia and improve quality of life. CGM systems have advantage over SMBG in T1DM adults and improve HbA1c levels.