Relação entre a disponibilidade hídrica na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Irani, localizada no oeste de Santa Catarina, região Sul do Brasil e a cobertura vegetal das biomas Amazônia, Pantanal e Mata Atlântica

Abstract

The growing demand for water use worldwide linked to deforestation and population growth can cause a significant increase in conflicts of use. The objective of this work is to understand the drought period in terms of the flow for the year 2019 in the municipality of Chapeco and to identify in an initial exploratory way the relationships between the vegetation cover of the Amazon, Pantanal, and Mata Atlântica Biome with data from a fluviometric station West of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. Using vegetation cover data from Map Biomes, data from the Barca do Irani fluviometric station, and data from the conventional meteorological station in Chapeco, the Ro de Spearman correlation was performed using the Minitab 18® software. The data of average monthly flow were arranged in a graph of a combination of bars and lines. The analysis of flow data from the Barca Irani fluviometric station demonstrated that the Irani River has undergone a recent drought period. The data of the average annual absolute minimum flows of the Barca Irani fluviometric station presented a moderate positive correlation about the data of vegetation cover in the Amazon biome (r = 0.507) as well as the Pantanal biome (r = 0.494). The water availability in the studied fluviometric station may be influenced by the humidity coming from the evapotranspiration of the Amazon rainforest, coming through the Low-Level Jets, which may be directly impacting the local precipitation.