Hypertension and Cerebrovascular Diseases: A Large Long Term Followed Up Cohort Hypertension Patients

Abstract

\n Background: Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is the first cause of death in Chinese residents [1]. Hypertension (HP) has been shown to be the single most important modifiable risk factor among multiple etiologies. The incidence of stroke has increased gradually and has begun occurring at a younger age in recent years [1-2]. There were few related studies on CVD of HP cohort. Objective: To explore CVD distribution and epidemic characteristics in followed-up hypertension patients.Methods: Using the Hypertension Follow-up Management System database in Jiading district in Shanghai. We designed a retrospective cohort study that included all followed-up hypertension patients between 2002 and 2020. The endpoint was the occurrence of CVD confirmed by the hospital; otherwise, the patients were tracked until September 30, 2020. Record information of every patient has been collected in the registration card and each followed-up record.Results: Among 166688 followed-up HP patients, the total cumulative incidence of CVD was 6.68% (male 7.02%, female 6.37%) during follow-up period, cumulative incidence of ischemic CVD, hemorrhagic CVD and unclassified stroke was respectively 4.76%, 0.40% and 1.53%. Cumulative incidence of CVD increased with age, the group under 30 was 0, and the group over 70 was the highest (9.24%). The higher blood pressure was, the higher prevalence of CVD was. The prevalence of CVD increased with duration of HP, 3.76% within one year and 11.34% after 10 years. The proportion of CVD cases in HP patients from April to June was the largest in the four seasons; the proportion of patients from October to December was the minimum.Conclusion: Hypertension patient was prone to falling cerebrovascular disease; the main type of disease was cerebral infarction. Male incidence was higher than female incidence. The cumulative incidence of CVD increased with age, blood pressure and duration of HP patients. It had seasonal characteristics, which was relatively high from April to June within year.