Supraclavicular Versus Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block Using Two Different Techniques: Comparative Study

Abstract

Background: A perfectly conducted regional anesthetic guided by ultrasound offers much to anesthesiologists. \nObjective: This study was aimed to compare supraclavicular block with infraclavicular brachial plexus block for anesthesia in the forearm, hand surgery using two different methods: ultrasound alone or ultrasound together with a nerve stimulator. Patients and Methods: This prospective randomized study was performed on 80 adult patients, aged from 20 to 60 years, with ASA (American Society of Anesthesiology) physical status I and II. Patients were randomized in one of four groups: Supraclavicular block used Ultrasound (n =20), Supraclavicular block used ultrasound with nerve stimulator (n =20), Infraclavicular block used Ultrasound (n =20), Infraclavicular block used ultrasound with nerve stimulator (n =20). The local anesthetic solution used consisted of a 1:1 volume of 0.5 % bupivacaine and 2% lidocaine with 1:200.000 adrenaline. This solution was injected in a dose of 0.5 ml/kg to maximal 40 ml. \nThe Measured parameters were: Demographic values, the scanning time, the block performance time, the onset time, the degree of pain during block performance, evaluation of sensory and motor block, and complications. \nResult: There were no significant differences between groups as regards all measured parameters. Conclusion: It could be concluded that the supraclavicular nerve block showed no significant difference from infraclavicular ultrasound-guided with or without nerve stimulator. It remains controversial whether the adding of the nerve stimulation to the ultrasound is more beneficial in ensuring rapid onset, longer duration of action, and avoiding complications.