Evaluation of the Incidence of Thyroid Cancer among Patients with Thyroid Nodules Attending to Suez Canal University Hospital

Abstract

Background: Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine carcinoma, as it accounts for almost 90% of all endocrine malignancies. Our objective was to determine prevalence of thyroid cancer in patients underwent thyroidectomy in Suez Canal University Hospital. Patients and Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 81 patients attending to our surgical oncology outpatient who were candidate for total thyroidectomy or hemithyroidectomy. Patients were subjected to clinical examination including multinodular goiter or solitary nodule, complaint of patient: pressure manifestations, cosmetic disfigurement and thyrotoxicosis and cervical lymphadenopathy. Neck ultrasonography was done for cervical lymphadenopathy, solitary nodule or multi nodular, assessment by TI-RADS and size of nodule. Specimens were sent to our pathology department. Results: Mean age of the patients was 48.83±11.01 years.75% were females. The chief complaint was neck lump (46.9%) and pressure symptoms (45.7%). Fifty percent of the patients had thyroid nodular size 1–4cm and 69.2% of were multi-nodular.69.2% of the patients had total thyroidectomy while 30.8% had hemi-thyroidectomy. Incidence of thyroid carcinoma was 26% as: papillary (18.5%), follicular carcinoma (3.7%), medullary carcinoma (2.5%) and anaplastic (1.2%). Thyroid carcinoma was associated with solitary nodule (55%), in the left lobe (42.8%), cervical lymph node (30%) and TIRADS 5 (42.8%). Conclusion: Incidence of thyroid carcinoma in Suez Canal University hospital is 26%. The most frequent histopathology type is papillary carcinoma. Females were the most affected. The pressure symptom was the most complaint in benign nodules while neck lump was the most common in malignant nodules. TIRADS 5 was the most frequent in all malignant nodules.