The Role of Hyperhomocysteinemia on the Development of Changes in the Lungs.

Abstract

BACKGROUND\nIn recent years, the great attention of the scientific community has been drawn to the study of the role of homocysteine in the pathology of diseases in general and the respiratory system in particular. Violations of the synthesis and disposal of homocysteine become the cause of its excessive accumulation in the body, which subsequently leads to damage all organs and systems.\n\n\nMETHODS\nWe conducted this study on 64 white non-linear rats of 6-8 and 24-26 months old rats, which were divided into two control and experimental groups during the experiment. The study of ultrastructural changes in the lungs of rats was performed using an electron microscope.\n\n\nRESULTS\nThe results of the conducted study show that all the animals of the experimental group, which corresponds to the number of 32 (50%) of cases, possess conspicuous morphological changes in the structure of the lungs. The specific features of mature animals were the narrowing of the alveolar space of the part of the alveoli and the increase in the number of macrophages in them. A partial desquamation of capillary endothelial lining and a slight increase of collagen fibers in interalveolar membranes were observed compared to control animals. Characteristic feature for older animals was the growth of connective tissue, predominantly collagen fibers, which led to pneumosclerosis. The thickening of the aerogemic barrier was also detected, and the endothelial lining was intermittent or desquamated.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nMature animals of the experimental group are characterized by activation of inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, due to increased production of macrophages and, as a consequence, the launch of the humorous link of immunity, while in old rats were determined by fibrosis, disorders of the trophic and gas metabolism, as well as damage to the endothelium part of lungs.