Transmission, Prevention and Therapeutic Strategies for COVID-19: Updates and Challenges

Abstract

\n\n Almost the whole world is observing a pandemic like never before in the last century, affecting the human lifestyle and economies known as coronavirus disease -2019 (COVID-19). A new severe acute respiratory syndrome that has emerged in China in late 2019 and spread in more than 210 countries makes a global health care emergency. \n\n\n\n\n Considering the epidemiological features of COVID-19, it is crucial to prevent the spread of such a highly infectious disease through effective control methods such as early detection, isolation, and treatment strategies. \n\n\n\n\nThis review highlights the virus transmission routes among communities and control measure to improve the quarantine and isolation of infected individuals. The gold standard molecular and other rapid diagnostic tests used to detect SARS-CoV-2 and their benefits and limitations have reported. Several repurposed drugs, including antivirals, trailed for COVID-19 patients and supportive treatments such as general, cellular, and immune therapies with the role of vitamins in the safe deployment for COVID-19 patients, have also discussed. Finally, the review also encompasses an overview and update about the recent development of COVID-19 vaccines and ongoing clinical studies, which can provide further research advances.\n\n