Vitamin D: new aspects of application, effective doses. The current state of the problem

Abstract

In addition to the classic role of vitamin D in maintaining the normal state of the musculoskeletal system in the last decade, there is evidence that reduced serum concentrations of 25(OH)D are associated with a number of extraskeletal diseases (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, thyroid diseases, age-related cognitive decline, dysfunction of the immune and reproductive systems, etc.). Prevention of these diseases is achieved with significantly higher concentrations of 25(OH)D in the serum than those necessary to maintain normal bone tissue, regulate absorption and maintain calcium homeostasis. To ensure the concentration of the circulating form of vitamin D\xa0— 25(OH)D in the serum at a level that ensures optimal functioning, you need a higher consumption of this vitamin. Decreased blood concentration of vitamin D (<\xa030\xa0ng/ml) is observed in 92\xa0% of the adult population of Ukraine, regardless of the season. The causes of vitamin D deficiency are the low efficiency of its endogenous synthesis in the skin due to insufficient insolation and inadequate intake of this vitamin with food. Due to the half-life of vitamin D of about two months, periodic weekly or monthly intake of total doses of cholecalciferol provides the same values in the serum as daily intake. The review of the lite\xadrature considers the importance of vitamin D deficiency and deficiency in disorders of many systems of the human body and the development of various pathological conditions, which justifies the wider use of methods to correct the status of vitamin D. Despite the need for large-scale randomized clinical trials to determine the use of vitamin D, now there is no doubt that the normalization of the level of 25(OH)D in the serum is required at all age stages of ontogenesis.