Stability and Trajectories Analysis of a Fractional Generalization of Simple Pendulum Dynamic Equation

Abstract

In this paper, we present the dynamics of the simple pendulum by using the fractional-order derivatives. Equations of motion are proposed for cases without input and external forcing. We use the fractional-order Euler-Lagrange equations to obtain the fractional-order dynamic equation of the simple pendulum. We perform equilibria analysis, indicate the conditions where stability dynamics can be observed for both integer and fractional-order models. Finally, phase diagrams have been plotted to visualize the effect of the fractional-order derivatives.