Avaliação escolar no contexto de novas competências

Abstract

A avaliacao educacional, definida como etapa associada ao processo de formulacao, implementacao e monitoramento das politicas educacionais, e algo recente no Brasil. Hoje, mais do que conteudos, sao avaliadas as competencias e habilidades dos alunos. Identificam-se, ainda, os fatores intra e extra-escolares que afetam positiva e negativamente o processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Apesar de todos os esforcos empreendidos no aperfeicoamento dos metodos e instrumentos utilizados na avaliacao educacional em diferentes niveis (federal, estadual e municipal), e necessario reconhecer o papel central da escola como agente catalisador de mudancas dos sistemas educacionais. A avaliacao interna nao pode se restringir a avaliacao do desempenho dos alunos, devendo coletar indicadores que permitam acompanhar, aperfeicoar e reordenar o projeto pedagogico da escola. Nesse contexto, o dialogo envolvendo a avaliacao externa e a avaliacao interna, integrando alunos, professores e diretores, torna-se indispensavel.\n\nPalavras-chave: avaliacao educacional; avaliacao escolar (interna e externa); competencias; habilidades.\n\n\n\nAbstract\n\nThe educational evaluation, defined as a stage associated with the process of formulation, implementation and monitoring of educational politics, is recent in Brazil. Nowadays, not only content, but also students competencies and skills are evaluated. Yet, one identifies the internal and external factors, which affect positively and negatively the process of teaching and learning. Despite all efforts made to improve the methods and instruments utilized in the educational evaluation in different levels (federal, state and municipal scopes), it is necessary to recognize the main role of the school acting as a catalytic agent of changes within educational systems. The internal evaluation cannot be restrained to simply evaluating students performance, yet, it must collect indicators which will allow to monitor, improve and reorder the pedagogical project of the school. In this context, the dialogue involving external and internal evaluations, integrating students, teachers and directors, becomes imperative.\n\nKeywords: educational evaluation; school evaluation (internal and external); competencies; skills.