Percutaneous endoscopic and radiologic gastrostomy : Complications and outcomes for various indications and applications

Abstract

This dissertation describes the outcomes and complications of Percutaneous Endoscopic and Radiological Gastrostomy (PEG and PRG) for various indications and applications. PEG and PRG are used among other things if it is expected that prolonged tube feeding is required (> 30 days). The technique is (with minor adjustments) also useful for other conditions such as gastric emptying disorders and refractory constipation. Both PEG and PRG are safe procedures, if the patient and procedure are properly selected; serious complications can arise in high-risk patients. This selection clearly needs improvement and should be approached in a multidisciplinary manner to prevent complications. In a large proportion of patients, PEG seems to be the best choice due to a lower number of complications than PRG or surgery.