TOXIC EFFECTS OF ANTICANCER THERAPY

Abstract

The generally accepted practice of medical technology is to record the first time sick, the results of dynamic observations of patients (follow-up). The first research groups for the study of malignant neoplasms (MNO) in children appeared in the United States in 1955. The article describes the importance of early rehabilitation of patients who have undergone cancer on the example of a clinical case. Advances in the treatment of cancer patients have resulted in a higher percentage of people cured. But very early after the start of the use of anticancer therapy (POT), doctors began to observe manifestations of an iatrogenic nature due to the use of toxic drugs and radiation. At the moment, the influence of genetic factors on the development of complications of chemotherapy and radiation therapy is being actively studied. The molecular mechanisms of the development of abnormally pronounced toxic effects in most cases are associated with disorders in the DNA repair system. To minimize the risk of severe toxic effects, these factors should be taken into account when choosing a treatment strategy. On the example of patient N., 18 years old, the condition after the end of treatment for rhabdomyosarcoma of the temporal region, the duration of remission is 12 years, one can see how the treatment can iatrogenically affect the patient s life in adulthood, having undergone treatment in childhood. With an early start of rehabilitation and timely identification of the long-term consequences of anticancer therapy, it is possible to improve the patient s quality of life. With the accumulation of observation data on the domestic cohort of children and adolescents who completed therapy 15-20 years ago, it will become possible to assess the burden of national health care in the structure of morbidity, disability, and the development of second tumors.