ASSESSMENT OF THE LAND RECLAMATION CONDITION OF THE IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE SYSTEM USING DATA OF THE EARTH REMOTE SENSING AND DRONE

Abstract

The purpose of the work was to survey an area of the irrigation system by means of the earth remote sensing and a drone in accordance with the indicators of the reclamation condition of the governmental land registration. The tasks of the work included obtaining raster images of the field in an orthogonal projection, decryption of the orthophotographic plan and remote sensing images of the Earth in various spectral channels to compare them with the corresponding indicators of the reclamation condition. The method of assessment and indicators of the reclamation condition of the irrigation system are given. Three levels of assessment of the reclamation condition are used: «good», «satisfactory», «unsatisfactory». The Normalized Difference Vegetation Index NDVI, Land Surface Water Index LSWI, and Normalized Differential Salinity Index NDSI are used. The surveyed field is located on the territory of the Kolomna urban district of the Moscow region and is irrigated by a circular drive machine «Reinke»©. As a result, it was found that there are no saline lands («good» reclamation condition), unacceptable ground water depths are observed on 20…25% of the irrigated territory («satisfactory» condition), the area of eroded land was 4.7% («satisfactory» condition). The survey of the part of the irrigation system showed that in 2021 the object had a «satisfactory» reclamation condition. This may indicate to the risk of further reduction of the reclamation condition without appropriate preventive measures. It is noted that the survey of reclamation objects by means of the earth remote sensing and drones should solve the problem of identifying markers indicating the risks of reducing the reclamation condition and the need to conduct research directly on the object, in situ. It is extremely important to analyze the retrospective dynamics and the meteorological situation. In this case, it is possible to make a forecast of changes in the reclamation condition and evaluate the effectiveness of the preventive measures.