Metabolic Alterations Of Patients With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the metabolic changes in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Methods: This is an observational analytical cross-sectional study that was carried out with 120 patients on regular use of antiretroviral therapy, from May to July 2018. The metabolic changes were determined through the collection of biochemical parameters: CD4, CD4 absolute, CD8, absolute CD8, hemoglobin, High-Density Lipoprotein, Low-Density Lipoprotein, triglycerides, and fasting blood glucose. Results: The lipid profile, in most individuals, showed serum values \u200b\u200bof total cholesterol, triglycerides, and Low-Density Lipoprotein, within the normal range, while the serum levels of High-Density Lipoprotein were decreased by 53.6%, being related to the mean time disease of 8.7 years (± 6.1). As for hematological indices, 62 and 60 (80.5% and 77.9%) of the patients had adequate serum hemoglobin and hematocrit values, however, it was observed that those who had anemia lived with the virus for a longer time (9.27 years ± 6.89). When observing the parameters related to the immune system, it was seen that CD4 levels were low in 38% of patients, adequate absolute CD4 in 56.5%, increased CD8 in 90.7%, and absolute CD8 in 63%. Conclusion: It is known that metabolic changes, such as the decrease in serum levels of High-Density Lipoprotein are common in patients with the virus, as well as, it is known that the survival of these individuals is being prolonged by antiretroviral therapy, which can result in exposure important risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Emphasizing the importance of nutritional monitoring in this population.